![(b) The yaa ـيـ :. Pronounced as [ii], the yaa ـيـ is a prolonged kasra, so it is called a long kasra.Like the alif, it is always saakina (i.e. has a sukuun over it), and the letter that precedes it must have a kasra below it. If the yaa occurs at the start of words, it is not a long vowel. It becomes a consonant, just like the y in 'yes.' In يَجْرِي yajrii, for example, the first يَـ …. Ai software free](/img/512x512/873833480340.webp)
Here’s a list of the most common “pets” you’ll find in the households and how they translate to English: Arabic Transliteration Meaning. هامستر hamster hamster. أَرنَب arnab rabbit. فَأر faʾr mouse. جُرَذ jurad rat. خِنزير غيني khinzīr ġīnī guinea pig. سَمَك ذَهَبي samak ḏahabī goldfish ...Apr 27, 2021 · Happy Birthday in Arabic to a Man. It’s important to note as well that the way of saying happy birthday differs according to the gender: whether you’re talking to a man or a woman. When talking to a man, the correct way of saying happy birthday in Arabic is kol saneh wa inta salem ( كل سنة وانت سالم ). Another way is kol a’am ... Arabic keyboard online for Arabic typing is the best and most comfortable virtual keyboard to type in Arabic alphabets, letters, and words. Arabic online typing keyboard is the no. 1 web-based editor to write in Arabic characters. This Arabic Typing Test Keyboard is also known as لوحة المفاتيح العربية in the Arabic Language ... (b) The yaa ـيـ :. Pronounced as [ii], the yaa ـيـ is a prolonged kasra, so it is called a long kasra.Like the alif, it is always saakina (i.e. has a sukuun over it), and the letter that precedes it must have a kasra below it. If the yaa occurs at the start of words, it is not a long vowel. It becomes a consonant, just like the y in 'yes.' In يَجْرِي yajrii, for example, the first يَـ …Feb 10, 2022 · The Arabic language is one of the most widely used languages in the world, and you learn it in a brave step. The first step to Learning to write Arabic for beginners starts from here, you will learn the most important techniques to learn in an easy way and the important tips that you should take into account from the beginning. Free English to Arabic translator with audio. Translate words, phrases and sentences. Arabic Language: Learn to Write Arabic from Scratch. Free tutorial. 4.2 (84 ratings) 18,272 students. 1hr 53min of on-demand video. Created by Hassan Academy For Arabic Language Courses. English. Hence, “ [May God] give you health”. Important point, this is not considered to be religious and can be used in neutral form like Marhaba. 5. Marahib – “Hellos”. This is the plural form of Marhaba. When just one “Hello” is just not enough, you throw all the hellos at them! Marahib! 6. Salam – “Peace”. In this series of six short videos, Rana walks us through reading and writing in Arabic starting with the basics, and progressing slowly. Learning how to read and write is one of the most critical parts of mastering any new language, and is especially important with Arabic. If you plan to travel to an Arabic speaking country, understanding the ... read the script even if they can’t understand the language. And Arabic happens to be one of the official languages of the United Nations. Therefore, many people learn the language for formal reasons. At about 1,500 years old, Arabic also happens to be a very old language. It was the language of scholarship throughout the Arabic Learning Alphabet is one of the most important aspects of learning the Arabic language. It is essential for anyone who wants to be able to read and write in Arabic. In this article, we will look at some of the basics of Arabic Learning Alphabet, including the different types of letters and the different rules for pronunciation. Note that the arabic text used with command \RL{arabic text} should not contain more than a single paragraph of right-to-left text. arabtex : transliteration or UTF-8 input The arabtex package supports the ability to typeset Arabic text by writing it using a particular form of transliteration: representing Arabic text using the Latin script. (b) The yaa ـيـ :. Pronounced as [ii], the yaa ـيـ is a prolonged kasra, so it is called a long kasra.Like the alif, it is always saakina (i.e. has a sukuun over it), and the letter that precedes it must have a kasra below it. If the yaa occurs at the start of words, it is not a long vowel. It becomes a consonant, just like the y in 'yes.' In يَجْرِي yajrii, for example, the first يَـ …Arabic writing is highly phonemic, i.e. there is a high degree of consistency between the letters and characters of the language and their corresponding sounds. Arabic Alphabet Chart The chart below shows the names and shapes of the letters of the Arabic alphabet, along with the symbols used on this website to represent these letters in transcription.Let’s take a look on the Arabic script and it’s basic characteristics: Arabic alphabet is an abjad (أبجد) writing system, which means that it has no vowels. It consists of 28 letters, all consonants. The letters are written in a cursive form. Arabic alphabet is written from right to left. No capital letters.The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa. It is the second-most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world (after the Latin script ), [2] the second-most widely used writing system in the world by number of countries using it, and the third-most by number of users (after the Latin and …Arabic Language: Learn to Write Arabic from Scratch. Free tutorial. 4.2 (84 ratings) 18,272 students. 1hr 53min of on-demand video. Created by Hassan Academy For Arabic Language Courses. English.It fixes languages like Arabic, Farsi, Hebrew and makes it possible to continuously write in these languages within software or environment that doesn’t supports it. Right-to-Left Fixer (RTL Fixer) currently supports Arabic, Farsi and Hebrew, and can be toggled to fix writing and copypasting these right-to-left written languages. In this series of six short videos, Rana walks us through reading and writing in Arabic starting with the basics, and progressing slowly. Learning how to read and write is one of the most critical parts of mastering any new language, and is especially important with Arabic. If you plan to travel to an Arabic speaking country, understanding the ... The world's most popular way to learn Arabic online. Learn Arabic in just 5 minutes a day with our game-like lessons. Whether you’re a beginner starting with the basics or looking to practice your reading, writing, and speaking, Duolingo is scientifically proven to work. Bite-sized Arabic lessons. Fun, effective, and 100% free.12- Learning the Arabic reading and writing will help you to learn more other languages because Many languages depend on the Arabic alphabet for writing, such as: Sindhi language, Urdu language, Ottoman language, Kurdish language, and Malay language. Arabic, Persian, Kurdish, Baluchi, Urdu, Pashto, Punjabi, Sindhi, Malay, Uyghur, …. 30+ Languages. . Write in Arabic or Translate. . Short and Long-Form Copy. . Free Forever AI Writer. Create Content in Arabic. The Best AI Templates for Arabic Content. …The Arabic Keyboard (لوحة المفاتيح العربية ) also know as clavier arabe is an online service that helps people to type their texts in Arabic language without having a physical dedicated keyboard.This service is also known as the Virtual Arabic Keyboard. According to Wikipedia, the arabic keyboard is a standard keyboard that contains Latin and Arabic …A chart of the endings for the gender (الجنس), number (العدد), case, if case is necessary in normal or professional writing. Secondly, the Arabic script should be in very large print – at least 1.5 or 2 times the font size of the English font, and it should included diacritics (الحَرَكَت).In Arabic script, this greeting is written from right to left as: السلام عليكم. This phrase should be pronounced as Ahl sah-LAHM ah-LAY-koom. [2] 2. Respond to a …Ramadan refers to the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar or "Hegira", and commemorates the revelation of the wholly book of Quran. Linguistically, it has developed to include the meaning of observing fast or the fasting month for Muslims. Ramadan in Arabic language also refers to the fourth pillar of Islam, along prayer, …Arabic Language: Learn to Write Arabic from Scratch. Free tutorial. 4.2 (84 ratings) 18,272 students. 1hr 53min of on-demand video. Created by Hassan Academy For Arabic Language Courses. English.Go down and click Word Options button in the lower right corner. From this window select Advanced on the left side. Scroll down until you find the Show document content section. In the "Show document content" section you will find "Numeral". Select Hindi for the Arabic Numbers.Arabic Learning Alphabet is one of the most important aspects of learning the Arabic language. It is essential for anyone who wants to be able to read and write in Arabic. In this article, we will look at some of the basics of Arabic Learning Alphabet, including the different types of letters and the different rules for pronunciation.Our FREE typing software is powered by Google. It provides fast and accurate …#Adobeillustrator #illustrator #AdobeJan 13, 2020 · Meaning: Thank you so much. “ شُكْراً جَزيلاً ” is a more formal way of saying “thank you”, especially around Lebanon, Syria, and Egypt. You can use this phrase in any Arab country and it will be understood. A reply can be either “ahlan wa sahlan ( أهلا و سهلا )” or “tekram (M) / tekrami (F) – ( تكرمي ... The Arabs gave to a large part of the world not only a religion - Islam - but also a language and an alphabet. Where the Muslim religion went, the Arabic language and Arabic writing also went. Arabic became and has remained the national language - the mother tongue - of North Africa and all the Arab countries of the Middle East. Arabic Keyboard makes it simple for everyone who uses Arabic Typing Keyboard to write in Arabic language and switch between Arabic and English simultaneously. Send emails, messages, and status updates in العربي with this Arabic typing keyboard. ... Arabic language keyboard has a lot of stickers and gifs for sending to …Describe Your House in Arabic Part I Posted by yasmine on Jun 5, 2019 in Arabic Language, Vocabulary. In this post, we’ll be looking at Arabic vocabulary for different rooms in a house/apartment and practice how we can describe the basic characteristics صِفات of a house. In the picture below I have drawn a house with the …Languages in Arabic – 45 common languages names in Arabic. * You may also want to learn: Learn names of nationalities in Arabic , names of countries or more specifically Arab countries names. English. Arabic. Pronunciation. English. الإنْجْليزيّة. al-injliiziyya. Chinese.ChatGPT: There are a few ways that you can use ChatGPT to learn Arabic: Vocabulary practice: You can use ChatGPT to help you practice new vocabulary words. Simply input a word or phrase in English, and ChatGPT will provide the Arabic translation. You can also use it to get the Arabic pronunciation of a word.The phrase uHibbuk أحبك is the most common standard way to say I love you in Arabic. It is a part of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA, a.k.a. fusHa العربية الفصحى) and is therefore recognized in all dialects. You would say uHibbuk أحبك if you’re addressing a male and if you’re addressing a woman, you would use uHibbuki ...The first step in learning how to read and write Arabic is to understand the basics of the language. This includes understanding the alphabet and how the letters are written. It is important to familiarize yourself with the Arabic alphabet and how each letter is pronounced. Additionally, it is important to understand the basic grammar rules of ...Hence, “ [May God] give you health”. Important point, this is not considered to be religious and can be used in neutral form like Marhaba. 5. Marahib – “Hellos”. This is the plural form of Marhaba. When just one “Hello” is just not enough, you throw all the hellos at them! Marahib! 6. Salam – “Peace”.Here are the steps on how to use this best PDF editor with Arabic support: Step 1. Edit PDF Text in Arabic PDF. Download UPDF by clicking the button below. Open your Arabic PDF file in UPDF by clicking on the " Open File " button or dragging and dropping the file into the program window. Free Download.In this post, I write about the rules for writing hamza (ء) in Arabic, with a focus on initial hamza. In this post, I write about the rules for writing hamza (ء) in Arabic, with a focus on initial hamza. About Us; Blog; Free Resources; Support; 1-800-567-9619; For Government. Government Home; ... Tags: Arabic Language, Grammar, hamza, …Feb 10, 2022 · The Arabic language is one of the most widely used languages in the world, and you learn it in a brave step. The first step to Learning to write Arabic for beginners starts from here, you will learn the most important techniques to learn in an easy way and the important tips that you should take into account from the beginning. Mar 1, 2019 · In this post, I write about the rules for writing hamza (ء) in Arabic, with a focus on initial hamza. ... 2019 in Arabic Language, Grammar, Pronunciation. In order to read and write in Arabic, you need to know the Arabic alphabet. The Arabic alphabet is the second most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world (the …📚 MSA- Modern Standard Arabic Videos- 🟢Level 1🟢15 Step-by-Step Free Arabic Lessons to Learn the Arabic Script, Sounds and acquire simple vocabulary #arab...While many languages have numerous dialects that differ in phonology, the contemporary spoken Arabic language is more properly described as a continuum of varieties. This article deals primarily with Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the standard variety shared by educated speakers throughout Arabic-speaking regions. MSA is used in writing in …Yamli lets you unlock the Arabic web without needing an Arabic keyboard. Just type it the way you say it!Is an online tool that provides the ability to write and search in Arabic for Users who do not have an Arabic keyboard on their computer or smartphone. Also it allowes you to translate from arabic to English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Russian and Turkish. Arabic is usually ranked among the top six of the world's major languages.Footnote 65 Arabic also functioned in different periods as a formal diplomatic language, to the extent that at least some of the secretaries recently framed as primarily Persian specialists were similarly trained in Arabic letter-writing. Footnote 66. Nor was such Arabic-based diplomacy solely an epistolary phenomenon.Apr 27, 2021 · Happy Birthday in Arabic to a Man. It’s important to note as well that the way of saying happy birthday differs according to the gender: whether you’re talking to a man or a woman. When talking to a man, the correct way of saying happy birthday in Arabic is kol saneh wa inta salem ( كل سنة وانت سالم ). Another way is kol a’am ... Learn to Read and Write in Arabic. Learn the alphabet, pronunciations and grammar rules to master reading and writing Arabic in this free online course. This course is designed … The Arabs gave to a large part of the world not only a religion - Islam - but also a language and an alphabet. Where the Muslim religion went, the Arabic language and Arabic writing also went. Arabic became and has remained the national language - the mother tongue - of North Africa and all the Arab countries of the Middle East. Free English to Arabic translator with audio. Translate words, phrases and sentences.The world's most popular way to learn Arabic online. Learn Arabic in just 5 minutes a day with our game-like lessons. Whether you’re a beginner starting with the basics or looking to practice your reading, writing, and speaking, Duolingo is scientifically proven to work. Bite-sized Arabic lessons. Fun, effective, and 100% free.Our FREE typing software is powered by Google. It provides fast and accurate … The standardized written Arabic is distinct from and more conservative than all of the spoken varieties, and the two exist in a state known as diglossia, used side-by-side for different societal functions. The modern written language (Modern Standard Arabic) is derived from the language of the Quran (known as Classical Arabic or Quranic Arabic). We share weekly blog articles covering topics related to this language and culture! Start Learning Arabic With Ling! If you want to learn Arabic and are looking for the best language-learning app to improve your language skills, you should try the Ling app! The Ling app is a language learning app offering more than 60 language courses from …Feb 10, 2022 · The Arabic language is one of the most widely used languages in the world, and you learn it in a brave step. The first step to Learning to write Arabic for beginners starts from here, you will learn the most important techniques to learn in an easy way and the important tips that you should take into account from the beginning. Languages in Arabic – 45 common languages names in Arabic. * You may also want to learn: Learn names of nationalities in Arabic , names of countries or more specifically Arab countries names. English. Arabic. Pronunciation. English. الإنْجْليزيّة. al-injliiziyya. Chinese.→ Transliterated Arabic keyboard to type a text with the Latin script . → Arabic-Latin conversion. → Arabic language: dictionary, grammar, literature . → Arabic alphabet & …ChatGPT: There are a few ways that you can use ChatGPT to learn Arabic: Vocabulary practice: You can use ChatGPT to help you practice new vocabulary words. Simply input a word or phrase in English, and ChatGPT will provide the Arabic translation. You can also use it to get the Arabic pronunciation of a word.The first step in learning how to read and write Arabic is to understand the basics of the language. This includes understanding the alphabet and how the letters are written. It is important to familiarize yourself with the Arabic alphabet and how each letter is pronounced. Additionally, it is important to understand the basic grammar rules of ...Download Article. “Shukran” (شكراً) translates to a simple “thank you.”. You can say this phrase in all Arabic-speaking countries, in both formal and informal settings, by speakers of any Arabic dialect. “Shukran” is derived from the root word “shakara,” which means “to thank.”. Say “shukran” as a brief, casual ...The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa. It is the second-most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world …Learn to Read and Write in Arabic. Learn the alphabet, pronunciations and grammar rules to master reading and writing Arabic in this free online course. This course is designed …0. Go to control panel, in the language settings set the Arabic language as Arabic (Saudi Arabia) or in VB Editor: - 1- click tools 2- Select Options 3- click Editor Format 4- Change font to (Courier New (Arabic)) 5- click OK now you can write in both English and Arabic I hope this will solve your problem. edited Sep 27, 2017 at 20:31.All right, so far so good for how to write dates in Arabic. Let’s move on to reading things out loud. 2. Reading Years Aloud. Okay, reading dates in Arabic. ... In short, with enough hard work and practice, even the toughest aspects of the Arabic language will become second-nature to you. And ArabicPod101.com is here to help you every step of …1. Na’am. Na’am (نعم) is the most formal way to say yes in Arabic. It’s widely used in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the written Arabic used across all Arab countries. You’ll also hear it in many dialects (spoken Arabic), for example in Jordan, Lebanon or Egypt. The word na’am contains the Arabic letter ain (ع), a so-called “voiced …Business of Arabic. The global importance of the Arabic language is highlighted by the growing presence of the Middle East.. Arabic is spoken by more than 260 million people throughout the world and is the main language of most of the Middle East.. Arabic is becoming an important language when it comes to operating an international business … Is an online tool that provides the ability to write and search in Arabic for Users who do not have an Arabic keyboard on their computer or smartphone. Also it allowes you to translate from arabic to English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Russian and Turkish. Arabic is usually ranked among the top six of the world's major languages. Apr 18, 2022 · Apps and Websites for Touch Typing in Arabic Hide. tybaa.com – learn Arabic typing skills. Ktouch – if you use Linux. Touch typing in Arabic – other websites and operating systems. If you increase your typing speed by 20%, you can save up to 35 minutes per day, which equates to 213 hours per year. Thus, if you increase your typing speed ... Here are the steps on how to use this best PDF editor with Arabic support: Step 1. Edit PDF Text in Arabic PDF. Download UPDF by clicking the button below. Open your Arabic PDF file in UPDF by clicking on the " Open File " button or dragging and dropping the file into the program window. Free Download. Arabic Language: Learn to Write Arabic from Scratch. Free tutorial. 4.2 (84 ratings) 18,272 students. 1hr 53min of on-demand video. Created by Hassan Academy For Arabic Language Courses. English. Varieties of Arabic (or dialects or vernacular languages) are the linguistic systems that Arabic speakers speak natively. Arabic is a Semitic language within the Afroasiatic family that originated in the Arabian Peninsula.There are considerable variations from region to region, with degrees of mutual intelligibility that are often related to geographical …Go down and click Word Options button in the lower right corner. From this window select Advanced on the left side. Scroll down until you find the Show document content section. In the "Show document content" section you will find "Numeral". Select Hindi for the Arabic Numbers.Apr 3, 2020 · Write these words in Arabic on the front of a flashcard and write the English translation on the back. Study 5-10 new words every day or more if you’re up for it. Since the Middlebury Arabic Immersion Program is a full immersion course, having a core vocabulary in place can make life easier over the first couple of days. As the Arabic language spread across all of these places, the language evolved a lot and mixed together with other languages that were spoken by people living in these areas, which brings us to the next feature of the Arabic language. 2. Arabic Dialects And Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) ... In some cases, you might stumble on people writing in …The Arabs gave to a large part of the world not only a religion - Islam - but also a language and an alphabet. Where the Muslim religion went, the Arabic language and Arabic writing also went. Arabic became and has remained the national language - the mother tongue - of North Africa and all the Arab countries of the Middle East.ChatGPT: There are a few ways that you can use ChatGPT to learn Arabic: Vocabulary practice: You can use ChatGPT to help you practice new vocabulary words. Simply input a word or phrase in English, and ChatGPT will provide the Arabic translation. You can also use it to get the Arabic pronunciation of a word.and Happy New Year! May you be well with each passing year! “Christmas” in Arabic is “3īd lmīlād / عيد الميلاد“, i.e. “Holiday of the Birth”, with “the Birth” understood of course as that of Jesus Christ. If the definite article is dropped – i.e. “3īd mīlād / عيد ميلاد” – the meaning is simply ...The Arabs gave to a large part of the world not only a religion - Islam - but also a language and an alphabet. Where the Muslim religion went, the Arabic language and Arabic writing also went. Arabic became and has remained the national language - the mother tongue - of North Africa and all the Arab countries of the Middle East.Write Arabic without an Arabic Keyboard. Hide. Type Arabic Fast. Convert English characters to real Arabic words anyway you type them. Yamli is a new …How to Write in Arabic. El Mustapha Lahlali. Edinburgh University Press, Jul 31, 2009 - Language Arts & Disciplines - 200 pages. This book is designed to help learners of Arabic at all levels develop and refine their writing skills, focusing on the structure of Arabic sentences and paragraphs, and the cohesive links between them.
3.0 MAI N CONTENT 3.1 Arabic Language Explain the characteristics of Arabic writing Arabic is a Semitic language that is spoken by the Arabs. As speakers of the language, the Arabs themselves are regarded as Semite or Semitic, having descended from Sham, the son of prophet Nuh. Arabic language is of two general varieties namely the …. Tradex
Arabic: ·the Islamic prophet Muhammad 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:144: وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ wa-mā muḥammadun ʔillā rasūlun qad ḵalat min qablihi r-rusulu Muhammad is not but a messenger. Messengers have passed on before him.· a male given name, variously transliterated as: Muhammad, Mohammed, Mahomet, etc. (see …The word mubtada' is normally translated to subject.Another translation of mubtada' is beginning.It is very common that the mubtada' comes first in a nominal sentence.. If you click the eye symbol under the word mubtada', you will see that it is related to other words that mean beginning.. Hence, the described part in a nominal sentence is called …In Arabic script, this greeting is written from right to left as: السلام عليكم. This phrase should be pronounced as Ahl sah-LAHM ah-LAY-koom. [2] 2. Respond to a … In this context, "right-to-left languages" refers to any writing system that is written from right to left and includes languages that require contextual shaping, such as Arabic, and languages that do not. You can change your display to show the menus and buttons right-to-left and/or change individual files so their contents read from right to ... In Windows 10 and Windows 8. Click Control Panel. Under Clock, Language, and Region, click Change input methods. Click Advanced settings. Under Switching input methods, select the Use the desktop language bar when it’s available check box, and then click Options. In the Text Services and Input Languages dialog box, click the Language Bar tab ... Though Arabic words are written and read in RTL (right-to-left) directionality, numbers are read left-to-right (LTR), just as they are in English. In Example 2 below, the circled numbers are read in the exact same direction and order as you would in English: 107, 68, and 236. Example 2: Arabic numbers display left-to-right when embedded in ...1. Na’am. Na’am (نعم) is the most formal way to say yes in Arabic. It’s widely used in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the written Arabic used across all Arab countries. You’ll also hear it in many dialects (spoken Arabic), for example in Jordan, Lebanon or Egypt. The word na’am contains the Arabic letter ain (ع), a so-called “voiced …A chart of the endings for the gender (الجنس), number (العدد), case, if case is necessary in normal or professional writing. Secondly, the Arabic script should be in very large print – at least 1.5 or 2 times the font size of the English font, and it should included diacritics (الحَرَكَت).Learn how to solve Arabic and Hebrew typing issues in Adobe Illustrator CC with this easy tutorial. Watch the video and follow the steps.2. Read texts in Arabic. One of the best ways to expand language proficiency is to read books that are written in that language. The more you read, the better acquainted you'll become with the words and how they work together. Try reading the Qur'an, which is the primary religious text of Islam.I tried this code but it writes Arabic text in new line. \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article} %In the preamble section include the arabtex and utf8 packages. \usepackage{arabtex} \usepackage{utf8} \begin{document} %start encoding to unicode. %Note that your layout must support arabic text when compiling. \setcode{utf8}In this video I talk about 10 different solutions to help you get started with typing in Arabic regardless of what you have at hand. How to install Arabic la...Jul 31, 2009 · How to Write in Arabic. El Mustapha Lahlali. Edinburgh University Press, Jul 31, 2009 - Language Arts & Disciplines - 200 pages. This book is designed to help learners of Arabic at all levels develop and refine their writing skills, focusing on the structure of Arabic sentences and paragraphs, and the cohesive links between them. Modern Standard Arabic ( اللغة العربية الفصحى / al-luġatu l-ʿarabiyyatu l-fuṣḥā) - the universal language of the Arabic-speaking world which is understood by all Arabic speakers. It is the language of the vast majority of written material and of formal TV shows, lectures, etc. Each Arabic speaking country or region also ....